IN PLACE OF STATINS

 

      The study concerning the control of cholesterol by dietary changes has now reached its final phase and after a couple of months on oat bran, Benecol drinks AND Atorvastatin, I can report that the subject's total cholesterol in the blood is now  5.1 mmol/l - which is, as I recall where it started and it leaves one wondering what it was all about. Then a lot of scientific studies are like that........

     

      Following on from the exhaustive study of cholesterol reduction by diet alone reported above, we can now reveal that a further exhaustive study has been running for some weeks.  This involves one male between the ages of 60 and 70 who has given up his statin in favour of "Ateronon".  I hasten to add that this is a different male from the one used in the previous study.  This is a preparation which is rich in lycopene and in a form which can be readily absorbed by the body and is a good anti-oxidant.  It has been recognised for some time that populations eating a Mediterranean diet, which is rich in tomatoes, do not suffer so badly from heart and circulatory related disease.  Scientific studies of the diet have revealed that the tomato-derived lycopene is one of the key ingredients contributing to the observed improvements in health.  Lycopene inhibits the oxidation of LDL-cholesterol, an important component in maintaining a healthy circulatory system by preventing the build up of atheroma in arteries.  There are no claims that Ateronon actually reduces cholesterol levels although our study male reports that his cholesterol has reduced from 7.6 mmol/l to 5.9 after 8 weeks and to 5.5 after 13 weeks and  5.1 after 20  weeks.  The lack of any claims concerning the efficacy of the preparation is probably due to the lack of clinical trials and the nod of approval from those bodies authorised to nod.   Ateronon comes in capsules containing 7mg of bio-available lycopene, each capsule being equuivalent to 1kg (2.2lbs) of tomatoes - and they don't come cheap - a month's supply of 30 capsules will set you back £35.......... .........but then tomatoes are quite expensive!

 

David Read

ATERONON AGAIN

 

      No sooner had we written the piece on lycopene and its derivative drug Ateronon than it was  discovered that it was the subject of a presentation at the European  Society of Cardiology Congress held in Barcelona earlier this year.  It seems to have all the makings of another "plant sterol" episode which gave us Benecol and Flora Pro-active.  Still being sold as a food supplement,  Ateronon is the first compound  to provide the antioxidants of the Mediterranean diet in a form that can be reliably absorbed by the human body.  It is already on the market but is being tested on a large scale in order to have it recognised as a drug.                   The principal ingredient of Ateronon is lycopene which is derived from tomatoes but in its natural form it cannot be readily absorbed by the body.  The clever bit is that the lycopene is combined with a lactose-based milk protein to reduce the size of the molecules to enable absorption.  Ateronon inhibits the oxidation of low density lipoprotein preventing the build up of atheroma on artery walls. 

      The company who developed the compound are Cambridge Theranostics Ltd., a biotechnology spin-off from Cambridge University.  Early trials on a 150-strong group of people with existing  heart disease which showed that not only did Ateronon halt, but actually reversed the build-up of fatty deposits on artery walls within a period as little as eight weeks.  Further trials are being conducted in the UK, America and of all places.......Italy!  The company is confident that Ateronon will show quite dramatic benefits in patients with heart and circulatory disorders and provide a useful adjunct to statins in their treatment.

 

David Read

 

ANGINA

 

Angina describes pain or discomfort, usually in the form of heaviness and pressure, that occurs centrally across the upper chest and may radiate to the upper arms or into the neck and jaw.  It is most commonly experienced on exertion or in response to stress.   The main thing to remember is that angina is a symptom not a disease in itself.  It is a warning sign that something is amiss.

      By far the most common cause of angina is coronary artery disease. When this happens the arteries that overlay and supply the heart muscle are furred up and narrowing - sometimes to critical proportions - causing a lack of blood and oxygen to the heart muscle.   However angina can, very occasionally, be a symptom of other cardiac problems such as atrial fibrillation, valve problems, or heart failure, so it is important to have the angina symptom investigated to discover the cause.

      Decades ago people with angina had to learn to live with it and adjust their lifestyle and activity level to control the angina episodes.  Nowadays, thankfully, most of the causes of angina are treatable either with medication or more commonly with surgery. If the cause is found to be coronary artery disease then the usual first line of treatment is now to have an angiogram to locate the problem on x-ray and then to widen the artery narrowing by inserting a stent to hold the artery open and allow blood flow through.  If there are too many areas of artery narrowing or if the position of the narrowing is inaccessible then a coronary artery bypass operation is usually recommended.  Techniques in cardiac surgery have developed in leaps and bounds and the results can now be expected to last 10-15 years for someone who is prepared to take care of themselves in respect to a healthy lifestyle and a good level of physical activity.

      Occasionally a person may have to learn to live with their angina if surgery is not deemed possible or if the patient does not wish to proceed to surgery.  Medication can be quite effective in controlling the symptoms but care needs to be taken to ensure that patients are aware of warning signs that may indicate their angina is worsening.  Often patients are very familiar with their pattern of angina. For instance, it may commonly start when the person has to tackle an incline while walking although they may be alright on the flat.  Angina that follows a set and predictable pattern is termed "stable angina" and will resolve if given a few minutes rest or a puff with a GTN spray.  However, if the pattern starts to change with the angina becoming more frequent and troublesome, or starts while at rest, this is known as "unstable angina" and requires a rapid medical opinion.  If a painful episode does not respond to a GTN spray within 15 minutes then help needs to be sought urgently in the form of a 999 call as this can be the sign of an imminent heart attack. 

      Patients who live with angina symptoms are now rare due to the plethora of interventions available but for those that do suffer with it  there is much that they can do to help minimise their symptoms. They can pace their activities so as to have a regular pattern of exertion - its not a great idea to wait for "good days" and do a lot, then rest on "bad days" - its far better to do a moderate amount every day.  Being a non-smoker, eating a healthy diet with lots of vegetables, fruit and oily fish and keeping a low cholesterol level are all still as important as they ever were - even for those whose angina has been fixed with a bypass.  Remember this is a partnership and the medical professionals will do their part - the rest is up to you.

 

Lesley Richards

 

 

 

CORONARY DEATHS IN EUROPE

 

      A report by the European Heart Network and the European Society of Cardiology based on data from 2006 shows that Britain is among the worst countries in Europe for deaths from heart disease.  Diet, smoking and lack of exercise are identified as the main contributory factors.  For men, Hungary, Estonia and Slovakia head the list and seem to be in a league of their own with 105, 104 and 74 deaths per 100,000 of population respectively.  The UK comes sixth in the list of sixteen countries with 44 deaths per 100,000.   This compares to an average of 33 deaths per 100,000 ignoring the three countries heading the list.  The lowest countries were France. the Netherlands and Italy at about 20 deaths per 100, 000.

      For women, the situation is better in terms of death rate, which is only 11 deaths per 100,000,  but the UK comes fourth after the same big three noted above.  The average death rate for women ignoring the big three was 7 deaths per 100,000 of population.

      A Department of Health spokesman said, "We do not recognise these figures.  In England we have made substantial progress in treating heart disease"..............well he would say that, wouldn't he? 

 

 

IN PLACE OF STATINS

 

      The study concerning the control of cholesterol by dietary changes has now reached its final phase and after a couple of months on oat bran, Benecol drinks AND Atorvastatin, I can report that the subject's total cholesterol in the blood is now  5.1 mmol/l - which is, as I recall where it started and it leaves one wondering what it was all about. Then a lot of scientific studies are like that........

     

      Following on from the exhaustive study of cholesterol reduction by diet alone reported above, we can now reveal that a further exhaustive study has been running for some weeks.  This involves one male between the ages of 60 and 70 who has given up his statin in favour of "Ateronon".  I hasten to add that this is a different male from the one used in the previous study.  This is a preparation which is rich in lycopene and in a form which can be readily absorbed by the body and is a good anti-oxidant.  It has been recognised for some time that populations eating a Mediterranean diet, which is rich in tomatoes, do not suffer so badly from heart and circulatory related disease.  Scientific studies of the diet have revealed that the tomato-derived lycopene is one of the key ingredients contributing to the observed improvements in health.  Lycopene inhibits the oxidation of LDL-cholesterol, an important component in maintaining a healthy circulatory system by preventing the build up of atheroma in arteries.  There are no claims that Ateronon actually reduces cholesterol levels although our study male reports that his cholesterol has reduced from 7.6 mmol/l to 5.9 after 8 weeks and to 5.5 after 13 weeks and  5.1 after 20  weeks.  The lack of any claims concerning the efficacy of the preparation is probably due to the lack of clinical trials and the nod of approval from those bodies authorised to nod.   Ateronon comes in capsules containing 7mg of bio-available lycopene, each capsule being equuivalent to 1kg (2.2lbs) of tomatoes - and they don't come cheap - a month's supply of 30 capsules will set you back £35.......... .........but then tomatoes are quite expensive!

 

David Read

 

 

THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET

 

      It's that time again to talk about the benefits of adopting a Mediterranean diet for heart health. As you may remember from previous articles, the Mediterranean diet spreads across sixteen different countries. This style of diet is characterised by large amounts of olive oil, nuts, seeds, whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and oily fish with a reduction in saturated fats and processed foods. One of the countries that adopts the Mediterranean diet is Croatia, which sits just opposite Italy via the Adriatic Sea. Croatia was the destination for my summer holiday this year and I must say it is one of the most beautiful countries I have ever been to and it has vasts amounts of history and culture. When I'm abroad I like to experience the cuisine and Croatia has four styles of diet depending on the region you live in. I stayed in Pores, which is a town located in the heart of the western coast of Istria. Being by the coast the main cuisine is fish, however, if you travel a few miles inland there are huge plantations of olive trees which produce the fruit for the production of olive oil.

      Olive oil forms a large part of the Mediterranean diet and its consumption is associated with a reduction in the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). This has been demonstrated in large studies, which have looked at the amount of olive oil that is consumed in different countries and the prevalence of CHD. Countries such as Spain, Italy and Greece have the highest consumption of olive oil and low prevalence of CHD, whereas America has a very low consumption of olive oil and a high prevalence of CHD.

Olive oil is rich in mono-unsaturated fats, most notably oleic acid. The mechanisms associated with consuming mono-unsaturated fat and the reduction in the risk of CHD is not fully understood. However, research has shown that the benefits of mono-unsaturated fat in lowering the risk of CHD are meditated through cholesterol regulation (lowering the bad part of cholesterol), anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic (reduces blood clots).

      How much olive oil should we eat?  To achieve the cardio-protective benefits of olive oil it is recommended to consume between 3-4 large table spoons of olive oil a day. This can be achieved by adding olive oil to salads as dressing or using it in cooking. However, it should be noted that olive oil has a low cooking temperature and if heated up too much can have adverse effects to your health. Therefore rapeseed oil might be a better choice for cooking as it is high in mono-unsaturated fat and has a higher cooking temperature than olive oil.

Olive oil can also be used to make a tomato sauce which is very popular in Italy. So I thought I would include a tomato sauce recipe, which is very simply and you can try it at home.

Ingredients:

3-4 table spoons of olive oil

1 small onion

1 clove of garlic

1 can of chopped tomatoes

Ground black pepper and fresh basil

To make this sauce simply add the olive oil and onion (finely chopped) to a saucepan on a low cooking heat. Gentle cook for a couple minutes and then add the garlic (crushed). Continue to cook for a couple more minutes and then add one tin of chopped tomatoes, ground pepper and two to three leaves of basil. Let the sauce simmer for five to ten minutes.

 

Tim Grove

 

SMOKING CAN DAMAGE YOUR HEALTH

 

You may remember that at the end of 2007 THROBNews ran a short article about the 14% reduction in the number of heart attacks following the ban on smoking in public places throughout Eire.  Now we have preliminary figures for England and Scotland which show a 10% reduction for England and 14% for Scotland.  The Scottish ban came a year earlier than in England so we might get further improvement in England as time goes by - unless of course the Scots were always heavier smokers.  The 14% figure quoted for Scotland is for people who smoke, the improvement for ex-smokers is 19%, while the improvement for non-smokers is 21%.  These figures suggest that passive smoking is a real problem and it will be interesting to see whether similar improvements will be forthcoming when the final report for England is published.  Watch this space!

DR

 

KEEP TAKING THE TABLETSKEEP TAKING THE TABLETS

 

Following Kevin Johnson's article in our last issue on the importance of taking medication as prescribed, I came across this interesting item in the Daily Telegraph.

      "Most people taking drugs to reduce blood pressure and cholesterol are still at risk, with "inadequate" control of their condition, a study has found.  British researchers from Imperial College, London, have found that people taking drugs to reduce their risk of a heart attack are not meeting targets of lowering blood pressure and cholesterol. It is not known if patients are not taking tablets reliably or if the medicines are not having the desired effect.  The study, conducted in 12 European countries including Britain, involved 4,000 people under 80, who were at high risk of a heart attack or stroke but had not yet had one. The results, presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress in Barcelona, show one in four taking blood pressure tablets had reached the target level, one in three on cholesterol lowering statins had achieved their goal level and around one half with diabetes had the condition under control.

      The conclusions of the study were that blood pressure, lipid and glucose control are completely inadequate with most patients not achieving the targets defined in the prevention guidelines. Experts said it may be that the ambitious guidelines are difficult to achieve in people outside clinical trials who have other illnesses and varied lifestyles.

 

You have been warned............again!